Trade Privileges Contingent on Addressing Key Issues
The European Union (EU) has emphasized that Pakistan’s continued access to duty-free exports under the Generalised Scheme of Preferences Plus (GSP+) is conditional upon tangible improvements in human rights, labor rights, and media freedom. Olof Skoog, the EU’s special representative for human rights, conveyed this message during his recent visit to Islamabad.
Economic Gains from GSP+
Since attaining GSP+ status in 2014, Pakistan has seen a 108% increase in exports to the EU, solidifying the bloc as Pakistan’s largest export market. This preferential trade arrangement has significantly bolstered Pakistan’s economy, offering substantial tariff exemptions.
EU’s Concerns and Expectations
The EU has outlined specific areas where it seeks progress from Pakistan, including:
- Application of blasphemy laws
- Women’s rights
- Forced marriages and conversions
- Enforced disappearances
- Freedom of expression and media independence
- Impunity for rights violations
- Due process and the right to a fair trial
- Civic space
- Abolition of the death penalty
These concerns were highlighted during Skoog’s visit, underscoring the EU’s commitment to human rights and good governance.
Recent Legislative Developments in Pakistan
The EU’s reminder coincides with Pakistan’s recent legislative actions, including the passage of a bill that critics argue suppresses freedom of speech. The legislation grants the government extensive powers to impose heavy fines and incarcerate social media users for spreading disinformation. Journalists across Pakistan have rallied against this law, viewing it as a threat to media freedom. The Pakistani government defends the legislation as necessary to combat disinformation by anti-state elements.
International Reactions to Pakistan’s Human Rights Record
In addition to the EU’s concerns, the United States and the United Kingdom have recently condemned Pakistan’s military courts for sentencing civilians in connection with protests attacking military facilities. They criticized the lack of transparency, independent scrutiny, and fair trial rights in these proceedings.
Pakistan’s Commitment to International Conventions
To maintain its GSP+ status, Pakistan is required to ratify and effectively implement 27 international conventions covering human rights, labor rights, environmental protection, and good governance. The EU has designed GSP+ to provide a foundation for peace, stability, and development, encouraging beneficiary countries to make real progress in these areas.
Looking Ahead
As the midterm of the current monitoring cycle approaches, the EU encourages Pakistan to continue on its reform path in preparation for reapplication under the upcoming new GSP+ regulation. Tangible reforms remain essential for Pakistan to retain its preferential trade status and continue benefiting from economic advantages in the European market.
